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š§ Site styles are under construction. Please enjoy the minimalism. š§
Specification for Cascade Layers @ W3C CSS Working Group
Cascade & Inheritance Level 5 defines Cascade Layers ā allowing authors to define explicit contained layers of specificity.
The CSS Cascade is designed to balance concerns, and give some styles priority over others. That starts with a balance of power between three āoriginsā ā users, authors, and user agents (aka browsers).
By default, author styles override user styles,
which override user-agent styles.
However, the order is reversed
for any styles that are marked as !important
ā
so that browsers can define what is out of bounds,
and users can insist on their most essential preferences.
Site authors are often able to write styles without much consideration for the other origins involved. But as site styles have become more complex ā relying on larger teams and third-party code ā there are also many āconcernsā represented within the single origin. In order to balance those concerns, authors have been limited in their control of the cascade:
!important
flag
can be applied to individual style declarations,
with important declarations
overriding non-important declarations.Over the years authors have developed a number of different āconventionsā to help manage styles, especially in order to ātameā or control the cascade. In many cases, these conventions rely on balancing concerns between defaults, basic typography, design systems, component libraries, themes, and third-party tools.
At the end of 2019 I suggested that authors should be able to define ācustom originsā within the existing cascade origins. The goal was to:
!important
is designed to work
Cascade layers are a new CSS feature that allows us to define explicit contained layers of specificity.
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Cascade & Inheritance Level 5 defines Cascade Layers ā allowing authors to define explicit contained layers of specificity.